SIMILARITY, THEN CAUSE AND EFFECT
When El Niño hit, vast schools of small fish, such as anchovies and sardines,
sought cooler temperatures at farther depths of the Pacific than the levels where
they are usually found. (i)_______ their response protected these fish from the
unseasonable weather conditions, their predators were unable to reach them at
these new, ater depths. (ii)_______, the predators suddenly lost their regular
food supply.
The second sentence suggests a similarity between two results of the fishes’
response to El Niño: It protected them from bad weather and it protected them
from predators. Either of the following would be appropriate in blank (i) to signal
the similarity:
While
At the same time that
The final sentence indicates what is probably a result of the event described in
the preceding sentence. In other words, what precedes blank (ii) caused what
follows it. Any of these would be appropriate in blank (ii):
As a result
Consequently
Not surprisingly
CONTINUATION, THEN SIMILARITY
When El Niño hit, aquatic mammals were affected especially hard. (i)_______,
along one Peruvian beach, the Punta San Juan, a whole season’s pup production
of fur seals and sea lions died, as well as thousands of juveniles and breeding
adults. By May 13, 1998, only 15 fur seals were counted, when there are usually
hundreds; (ii)_______, only 1,500 sea lions were found in an area that usually
houses 8,000.
The second sentence provides an example of the phenomenon described in the
first sentence. Either of the following would fit blank (i):
For example
For instance
The phrase after blank (ii) describes a situation similar to the one described
before the blank. Any of the following would work in blank (ii):
similarly
by the same token
also
CONTRAST, THEN RHETORICAL EMPHASIS
The United States, which was founded mainly by people who had emigrated from
northern Europe, had an essentially open-door immigration policy for the first
100 years of its existence. (i)_______, starting in the 1880s and continuing
through the 1920s, Conss passed a series of restrictive immigration laws
ultimately leading to a quota system based on the number of individuals of each
national origin reported in the 1989 census. (ii)_______, the door to freedom
hadn’t exactly been slammed shut, but it was now open only to the “right” sort of
people.
What follows the blank is an idea that contradicts the idea expressed in the
preceding sentence. Accordingly, the word in blank (i) should signal that a contrasting
idea lies just ahead. Either of the following completions would work:
however
but
The final sentence seems to put a negative rhetorical spin on the events described
in the previous sentence. Any of the following would work in blank (ii):
Obviously
Clearly
Apparently
CONTRAST AND CONCLUSION
The polar ice cap’s high-pressure system controls the cold, relatively stable
climate of Mount Vinson, the highest peak in Antarctica. _______ Vinson is
located in an arctic climate, snowstorms and terrific wind gusts are always
possible.
The first sentence tells us that Mount Vinson’s climate is stable; the second
sentence provides opposing, contrary information. A connector is needed to signal
that opposing ideas are being presented. Either of the following phrases provide
the appropriate connection and fits the paragraph’s grammatical construction:
However, since
Yet, because
RHETORICAL EMPHASIS, THEN CONTRAST
(i)_______, the most significant revolution in modern art was the invention of the
purely abstract painting in the 1930s. Pablo Picasso is generally regarded as the
quintessential modern artist. (ii)_______, in the course of Picasso’s long and
varied career, he never painted any significant abstract picture.
The first blank could be left empty without sacrificing the flow of ideas in the
paragraph. All that is appropriate for blank (i) is some rhetorical flourish. Any of
the following would serve the purpose:
Without a doubt
Indisputably
Clearly
The idea that follows the blank comes as a surprise considering the idea that
precedes it. The fact that Picasso never made an abstract painting doesn’t follow
as a logical result; it’s a surprising contradiction—not at all what we would
reasonably expect. Any of the following would be appropriate in blank (ii) as a
signal that an opposing idea is coming:
Yet
Nevertheless
However
Surprisingly, however
Ironically
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Video Lessons and 10 Fully Explained Grand Tests
Large number of solved practice MCQ with explanations. Video Lessons and 10 Fully explained Grand/Full Tests.