Science and Technology MCQ Set 16
Showing question 76 to 80 of total 301 MCQs
MCQ Set: 16
Solve the question on your notebook and check it by clicking (Answer and Explanation) below question.
Question No: 76
The beta version of which mobile app was launched by Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment?
- Divyangjans Sarathi
- Divyang Sarathi
- Divyangjans Sankalp
- Divyang Sankalp
Answer and Explanation
Answer: B
Explanation
Shri Thaawarchand Gehlot, Minister for Social Justice and Empowerment launched the Beta version of ‘Divyang Sarathi’ - The accessible and comprehensive mobile application for easy dissemination of information to ‘Divyangjans’.
This mobile application is bound to empower the ‘Divyangjans’ by providing easier and convenient access of information to them as they can now understand all details pertaining to the schemes, scholarships, statutes, institutional support systems and other relevant and crucial information at the click of a button.
This mobile application aims at providing all relevant information pertaining to the Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities (DEPwD), Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment, including its various acts, rules, regulations and guidelines, schemes, information about the various outreach institutions, employment opportunities, and the disability market in an accessible format.
This application has been developed by the two Assistant Secretaries (Shri Anunaya Jha and Smt. B. Susheela) in the DEPwD.
Divyangjans: Know More
According to the Census 2011, there are over 2.68 crore ‘Divyangjans’ in India which constitute more than 2.2% of the population.
The mobile application ‘Divyang Sarathi’ is compliant with the principles of UNCRPD for Universal Access and the provisions of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016.
The Act mandates that all information to be made available in an accessible form.
The application is also an integral part of the ICT component of the Accessible India Campaign launched by the Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi on 3rd December, 2015.
Divyang Sarathi: Know More
The unique features of the mobile application ‘Divyang Sarathi’ are its audio notes (text-to-voice conversion software) embedded in the application which converts the written information into an audio file as well as the adjustable font size which can be altered as per the user’s requirement.
The mobile application will certainly have a wide outreach as it has been developed bilingually i.e., the information is available in Hindi as well as English.
The application has been so developed that once downloaded, it can be accessed by any Android smartphone User who may or may not have access to the internet. The mobile app will be available for download on Google Playstore.
Question No: 77
INS Tarasa was commissioned into the Indian Navy on 26th Sept. It is which type of craft?
- Water Jet Fast Attack Craft
- interceptor Boat
- Missile launchpad
- Both a and c
Answer and Explanation
Answer: A
Explanation
MUMBAI: INS Tarasa, a Water Jet Fast Attack Craft intended for extended coastal and offshore surveillance and patrolling, was commissioned into the Indian Navy here on 26th Sept 2017.
Western Naval Command chief Vice Admiral Girish Luthra, commissioned the vessel.
The vessel, built in Kolkata, is of proven design with good endurance, low draught, high speed and manoeuvrability making her ideal for her primary role of extended coastal and offshore patrolling and surveillance.
Besides, the maiden voyage of the vessel from Kolkata to Mumbai in rough weather bore testimony to her seaworthiness.
It is the fourth and last of the Water Jet FACs built by Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers, Kolkata.
The first two - INS Tarmugli and INS Tihayu - were commissioned in 2016 and are based in Vishakhapatnam, and the third, INS Tillanchang, was commissioned in March this year and is based in Karwar.
These ships are an upgrade of the Car Nicobar Class FACs of the Indian Navy, which were also indigenously designed and built by GRSE, Kolkata.
INS Tarasa: Know More
INS Tarasa is 50 metres long, powered by three water jets which give it speed of over 35 knots (65 kmph), and is armed with a 30mm main gun and several light, medium and heavy machine guns.
It is commanded by Lt Commander Praveen Kumar.
Besides coastal and offshore surveillance, it is described as an ideal platform to render missions like EEZ Patrol, law enforcement, non-military missions like search and rescue, humanitarian assistance and disaster relief.
Question No: 78
As per PRL Ahmedabad scientists, which type of storms can flow towards the earth and disturb the atmosphere?
- Wind
- Thermal
- Rain
- Solar
Answer and Explanation
Answer: D
Explanation
A group of researchers from Physical Research Laboratory (PRL), Ahmedabad, have, for the first time, figured out the conditions under which certain types of solar storms can flow towards the earth and affect its atmosphere.
This is important because such storms contain charged particles travelling at very high speeds and these can affect the electronics present on satellites in orbit around the earth.
Solar storms are violent events on the sun which can temporarily distort the earth's magnetosphere - the region around the earth which is influenced by its magnetic field.
These temporary disturbances, called geomagnetic storms, can generate shock waves in the interplanetary medium that can accelerate charged particles to very high energies and which, in turn, can harm the satellites placed by humans in space.
Such solar storms have two causes: Coronal Mass Ejections (CME) and Corotating Interaction Regions (CIR).
CME and CIR: Know More
CMEs are huge explosions of charged particles extending beyond the sun's corona or outer layer and can be visibly observed.
CIRs are much more complicated and difficult to observe.
CMEs can be detected by a coronagraph when they are ejected from the Sun
CIRs are generated in the interplanetary medium and there are no visual signatures for CIRs. Hence, in order to detect [them], solar wind parameters need to be characterised critically
Charged particles are being spewed continually out of the sun's corona, forming the solar wind. Some parts of these winds move faster than others.
Since they contain charged particles in a plasma state, these different regions physically interact with each other to form wavelike disturbances called CIRs that emanate from the sun and spiral outwards.
They are called "corotating" interaction regions as they rotate along with the sun, attached to it at one end.
The sun goes through cyclic variations with a period of eleven years during which sunspot activity increases to a maximum and then decreases.
LI: Know More
There is an imaginary point on the line joining the sun and earth known as the L1 point or the Lagrange 1 point.
A special feature of this point is that a particle placed there will feel no gravitational pull due to either the sun or the earth as the two forces cancel each other.
CIRs that come at an angle of 6 degrees or less at the first Lagrangian point of the Sun-Earth system (L1 point) affect the earth's outer plasma environment.
Those CIRs that are incident at angles more than 6 degrees at the L1 point will not reach the earth.
This is the first time that such an understanding has been arrived at.
The group plans to futher focus on the causes for the events when solar wind flow angle deviates from 6 degree for a considerable duration of time.
Question No: 79
Astronomers have discovered the oldest super-massive black hole called ____________.
- ULAS J1342+0928
- ULAS J1120+0641
- ULAS K1120+0641
- ULAS K1120+0641
Answer and Explanation
Answer: A
Explanation
Scientists have discovered ULAS J1342+0928, the oldest supermassive black hole ever found - a behemoth that grew to 800 million times the mass of the sun when the universe was just 5 percent of its current age.
This newfound giant black hole, which formed just 690 million years after the Big Bang, could one day help shed light on a number of cosmic mysteries, such as how black holes could have reached gargantuan sizes quickly after the Big Bang and how the universe got cleared of the murky fog that once filled the entire cosmos.
Supermassive black holes with masses millions to billions of times that of the sun are thought to lurk at the hearts of most, if not all, galaxies.
Previous research suggested these giants release extraordinarily large amounts of light when they rip apart stars and devour matter, and likely are the driving force behind quasars, which are among the brightest objects in the universe.
Astronomers can detect quasars from the farthest corners of the cosmos, making quasars among the most distant objects known.
The farthest quasars are also the earliest known quasars - the more distant one is, the more time its light took to reach Earth.
The previous record for the earliest, most distant quasar was set by ULAS J1120+0641.
That quasar is located 13.04 billion light-years from Earth and existed about 750 million years after the Big Bang.
The newfound quasar (and its black hole), named ULAS J1342+0928, is 13.1 billion light-years away.
Question No: 80
IIT-B researchers have made a low cost piezo resistive vibration sensor using which foam?
- PVC
- PUC
- Polyurethane
- PU
- Both c and d
Answer and Explanation
Answer: E
Explanation
Researchers at the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Bombay have successfully made low-cost piezo-resistive vibration sensors using polyurethane foam coated with carbon nanomaterial-based ink.
These sensors can be used for monitoring the health of industrial machines and equipment and help identify incipient failures thereby enabling efficient maintenance schedule planning.
The ink is made of functionalised multi-walled nanotubes that are dispersed in a reduced graphene oxide matrix.
It is conductive due to the presence of large number of multiwalled nanotubes.
The ink, which uniformly coats the pores of the foam when dipped-coated, imparts piezo-resistive properties.
Conductive sheets (made of indium titanium oxide coated polyethylene teraphalate) were pasted on the top and bottom sides of the foam and electrical wires connected to the sheets for measurements.
The ink and sensor were developed at the Plastic Electronics and Energy Laboratory (PEEL), Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Material Science, IIT Bombay.
How It Works
When the PU foam coated with the ink is perturbed, in this case compressed, the air gaps are removed and the foam gets thinner.
This provides a conduction path for electrical charges. The resistance drops as the foam is compressed and it becomes more conductive.
The sensor is so sensitive that it can measure blood pulse.
The total cost of materials required for making the sensors works out to less than Rs.200 per sensor, and can be reduced further if mass produced.
The ink costs only about Rs.7 per sensor. No sophisticated equipment is required for fabricating the sensor.
The sensing bandwidth of the sensor is 80 Hz and the team was able to classify different machine operating conditions (good versus bad bearing, and good versus bad gearbox) based on vibration signals.
To be able to identify the danger signs of a machine, the output of the vibration sensor has to be captured and the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) has to be computed. One should then look where the peaks are located in the FFT.