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Lesson: Chapter - 4

Multiplication by a Scalar

Multiplication is like repeated addition. Multiplying 4 by 3 means adding four three times:3 × 4 = 4 + 4 + 4 = 12. The multiplication of a vector times a scalar works in the same way. Multiplying the vector A by the positive scalar c is equivalent to adding together c copies of the vector A. Thus 3A = A + A + A . Multiplying a vector by a scalar will get you a vector with the same direction, but different magnitude, as the original.

The result of multiplying A by c is a vector in the same direction as A, with a magnitude of c × A.

If c is negative, then the direction of A is reversed by scalar multiplication.

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