Le Chatelier’s principle
basically states that if stress is applied to a system at equilibrium, the
position of the equilibrium will shift in the direction that reduces the stress
to reinstate equilibrium.
For example, if more reactants are added to the
system, the reaction will shift in the forward direction, and if more products
are added, the reaction will shift in the reverse direction. If heat is added to
the system and the reaction is exothermic, heat should be thought of as a
product and the reaction will shift to the left; if the reaction is endothermic
and heat is added, the reaction will shift to the right. The addition of
pressure will cause a shift in the direction that results in the fewer number of
moles of a gas, while if pressure is relieved, the reaction will shift in the
direction that produces more moles of a gas.
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