Time
allowed: 3 hours
Maximum marks: 100
Question No 1 1. Make a précis of the following passage in about
200 words:
What virtues must we require of a man to whom we
entrust directing of our affairs? Above all, a sense of what is possible. In
politics it is useless to formulate great and noble projects if, due to the
existing state of the country, they cannot be accomplished. The impulses of a
free people are at all times a parallelogram of forces. The great statesman
realizes precisely what these forces are and says to himself without ever being
seriously mistaken: “I can go just so far and no farther.” He does not allow
himself to favors one class, foreseeing the inevitable reactions of the
neglected groups. A prudent doctor does not cure his patient passing complaint
with a remedy that produces a permanent disease of the liver, and judicious
statesman neither appeases the working class at the risk of angering the bourgeois,
nor does he indulge the bourgeoisie at the expense of the working class. He endeavors
to regard the nation as a great living body whose organs are interdependent. He
takes the temperature of public opinion every day, and if the fever increases
he sees to it that the country rests.
Though he may fully appreciate the power of public
opinion, a forceful and clever statesman realizes that he can influence it
fairly easily. He has calculated the people’s power to remain indifferent to
his efforts, they have their moment of violence, and their angry protests are
legitimate if the Government brings poverty on them, takes away their
traditional liberty, or seriously interferes with their home life. But they
will allow themselves to be led by a man who knows where he is going and who
shows them clearly that he, has the nation’s interest at heart and that they
may have confidence in him.
The sense of what is possible is not only the
ability to recognize that certain things are impossible— a negative virtue— but
also to know that, a courageous man, things which appear to he very difficult
are in fact possible. A great statesman does not say to self:” This nation is
weak”, but “This nation is asleep: I shall wake it up. Laws and institutions are
of he people’s making, if necessary, I shall change them.”
But above all, the determination to do something
must be followed by acts, not merely words. Mediocre politicians spend most of
their time devising schemes and preaching doctrines. They talk of structural
reforms, they invent: faultless social systems and formulate plans for
perpetual peace. In his public speeches the true statesman knows how, if necessary,
to make polite bows to new theories and to pronounce ritualistic phrases for
the benefit of those who guard
temple gales, but he actually occupies himself by
taking care of the real needs of the nation. He endeavors to accomplish
definite and precise objectives in ways that seem best to him. If he finds
obstacles in his path, he makes detours. Vanity, intellectual pride, and a
feeling for system are serious handicaps to the politician. Some party leaders
are ready to sacrifice the country for a theory or a set of principles. The true
leader says: “Let the principles go but I must save the nation.
Question No 2
Render the following poem in simple prose and
comment on the difference in the effective use of language between the poem and
its prose version by you:
Since brass, nor stone, nor earth, nor boundless sea.
But sad morality o’er-sways their power,
How with this range shall beauty hold a plea?
0, how shall summer’s honey breath hold out
Against the wreckful siege of battering days,
When racks impregnable are not so stout,
Nor gates of steel so strong, but Time decays?
0, fearful, meditation, where, alack
Shall time’s best Jewel from time’s chest lie hid?
Or what strong hand can hold his swift foot back?
Or who his spoil of beauty can forbid?
0, none, unless this miracle have might,
That in black ink my Love may still shine-bright.
Question No 3 a) Distinguish between the meaning of the words in
the following pal is and use them in sentences to indicate what these different
meanings arc:
Amiable, amicable, considerable, considerate, ingenuous,
ingenious, momentary, momentous, virtuous, virtual.
b) Use any five
of the following idioms in your own sentences to illustrate their meaning:
to sow one’s wild oats, storm in a tea cup, to keep late
hours to throw cold water on, a cock-and-bull story, to bear the brunt of, tied
to apron-strings of, to move heaven and earth, to blow one’s own trumpet, to
rest on one’s laurels.
Question No 4 Develop the following quotation into a paragraph of
about 120 words:
“At critical moments in their history it is Islam that has
saved Muslims and not vice versa” OR.
Write a complete character-sketch of the man or the woman
who has impressed you the most in your life.
Question No 5 Pakistan has yet to produce a scientist of
international caliber. Pinpoint the factors which. in your opinion, arc
responsible for this poor showing of ours in the field of science and Suggest
concrete measures which the Government and our Universities should take to help
Pakistani scientists make solid contributions lions in their respective fields. OR
Discuss in depth and entail what conditions arc conducive to
the growth of regionalism and provincialism — the two great menaces to national
solidarity — and how they can best be eliminated.