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Lesson: Applied Arithmetic - 21t01

In-Format Mean, Median, Mode, And Range Problems, continued

[Page 21 of 36]
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If S is a set of 5 positive distinct integers with an average (arithmetic mean) of 9 and a median of 7, what is the least possible value of the largest number in the set?

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The key here is to pay close attention to the wording: You're looking for the "least possible value" of the "largest" number in a set of "5 positive, distinct integers" with an "average of 9" and a "median of 7." So, if the median is 7, the integers arranged from lowest to highest are __, __, 7, __, __, and if the average is 9, the sum of the numbers is 45.

You want the least possible value for the largest number, so that means you want to maximize all the other numbers, and since all the numbers are distinct integers, the two smallest numbers must be 5 and 6. You now have 5, 6, 7, __, __, so the three numbers you know add up to 18, which means that the remaining 2 numbers should add up to 45 - 18 = 27. Thus the fourth number must be 13, and the largest number must be 14, like so: {5, 6, 7, 13, 14}

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