How can this situation be remedied?

In light of overwhelming evidence that the absence of a coordinated energy policy remains a fundamental constraint, an integrated approach needs to be established together with an institutional structure that supports it. This was partially implemented in Pakistan in the 1980s but faded away subsequently with the increasing fragmentation of policy institutions and functions. Without integration, decision- making remains inherently flawed and policy initiatives are reduced to shooting in the dark.

The country has the capacity to speedily revive the integrated approach together with the first steps of a supporting institutional structure. The rest of the institutional changes can be phased in gradually. This will enable policy- makers to rapidly tackle, on an informed basis, the urgent and longer-term problems facing the sector, replacing the current ad hoc approach which reacts to, rather than averts, crises. It will help pave the way for the recovery of the energy sector that can then aid the economic rebound. It is not so much the availability of resources but how they are managed which makes the difference between success and failure.